Neural Networks: An art to mimic Human Brain
It is a bit ambivalent to decide where exactly one should begin in-order to start with a note on the Human brain. Human brain is one of the most sophisticated machines ever known to mankind. Be it’s veracious ability to store everyday activities(data) or monitoring the complex human system in a restive manner, it has always been an inspiration and even more a mystery to us. It controls most of the activities of the body, processing, as well as coordinating the information it receives from the sense organs, and makes the decisions thereafter. A human brain begins to function from the moment of birth and works till the person’s last breath, doing its tasks with utmost efficiency. The sole credit to which humans are regarded as the pinnacle of evolution goes to the human brain.
What makes our brain extremely unique is its salient feature to learn from the previous experiences. A famous quote by Jeff Bezos on the human brain elaborates that the brain is an incredible pattern-matching machine. This unique ability of the human brain laid the foundation to numerous modern day branches which are collectively called Artificial Intelligence. One such domain which is branched under A.I. is Neural Network. The definition of Neural Network is quite ambiguous. One among them regards Neural Network as the study of the internal architecture of the human brain in-order to induce intelligence artificially on machines. If you google the word Neural Network for its definition, this is the result which pops up:“a computer system modelled on the human brain and nervous system”. Since it is exclusively based on modelling the human brain, let us plunge into the structure of the human brain.
Human brain is the central organ of the nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the medulla and the cerebellum. But at the cellular level, the brain is a cluster of basic units called neurons. The neuron, the basic working unit of the brain and the nervous system, has a cell body, an axon and a dendrite. The cell body is the powerhouse of a neuron which consists of nucleus and cytoplasm. Arising from the cell body is the axon which further branches out into smaller terminals called nerve terminals. Dendrites extend from the neuron cell body and receive messages from other neurons. The whole activities of the brain are characterized by the movement of nerve impulses in the neurons. This forms a system through which nerve cells communicate. The impulses originate from the dendrites of a neuron, get carried away to the nerve terminal via the cell body and the axon. From the nerve terminal, it is transmitted to the nearby neurons. Nerve impulses from the neighboring neurons are collected by the dendrites, get added up and are passed on to the cell body and axon for further transmission. This process repeats itself throughout the course of time. This transmission and reception of nerve impulses by the neurons form the basics of our characters such as intelligence, actions, reactions and so on.
Drawing up the knowledge on neurons, let me explain the concept of Neural Networks.
