Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Data Science are popular terms in this era. And knowing what it is and the difference between them is more crucial than ever. Although these terms might be closely related but there are differences between them, see the below image to visualize it.
Humans have long been obsessed with creating AI ever since the question, “Can machines think?”, was posed by Alan Turing in 1950. AI enables the machine to think, that is without any human intervention the machine will be able to take its own decision. It is a broad area of computer science that makes machines seem like they have human intelligence. So it’s not only programming a computer to drive a car by obeying traffic signals but it’s when that program also learns to exhibit the signs of human-like road rage.
AI systems are classified by their ability to imitate human behaviors, the hardware they use to do so, their applications in the real world and the theory of mind. Using these features for comparison, all systems of Artificial Intelligence-actual and hypothetical-fall into one of three types:
Artificial Narrow intelligence is also known as weak AI and it is the only type of AI that exists in our world today. Narrow AI is goal oriented and is programmed to perform a single task and is very intelligent in completing the specific task that it is programmed to do. Some examples of ANI are Siri, Auto pilot in an airplane, chatbots , self driving cars etc.
Narrow AI systems are not conscious, sentient or driven by emotions as humans are, they use information from a specific dataset and do not perform any task that is outside of the single task that they are designed to perform.
Artificial General Intelligence also referred to as strong AI is a concept in which machines exhibit human intelligence. In this the machines have the ability to learn, understand and act in a way that is indistinguishable from a human in a given situation. The General AI does not currently exist but has been used in many sci-fi hollywood movies in which the humans interact with machines that are conscious, driven by emotions and self-aware.
Using strong AI we can have the ability to build machines that can think, strategize and perform multiple tasks under uncertain conditions. They can integrate their prior knowledge in decision making to come up with innovative, creative and unconventional solutions.
I am damn sure you remember Arnold Schwarzenegger’s “Terminator” where a machines cognizance superseded human intelligence in all aspects. Artificial Super Intelligence is a hypothetical AI where machines will be capable of exhibiting intelligence that surpasses that of the brightest humans. In this type of AI, apart from having multifaceted intelligence of human beings machines will have greater problem solving and decision making capabilities that will be far superior than human beings. It is the type of AI that will have great impact on humanity and may lead to extinction of the human race from the planet.
Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence that uses statistical learning algorithms to build systems that have the ability to automatically learn and improve from experiences without being explicitly programmed.
Most of us use machine learning in our day to day life when we use services like recommendation systems on Netflix, Youtube, Spotify; search engines like google and yahoo; voice assistants like google home and amazon alexa. In Machine Learning we train the algorithm by providing it with a lot of data and allowing it to learn more about the processed information.
ML algorithms can be broadly classified into three categories Supervised, Unsupervised and Reinforcement learning.
In supervised learning we have input variables (x) and an output variable (Y) and we use an algorithm to learn the mapping from input to output.
